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Business confidence took a step back ahead of Q4 as panelists process uncertainty, notably around the election. Confidence rebounded to positive territory looking an additional quarter out to Q1 2025. All components of the Leeds Business Confidence Index (LBCI) posted year-over-year gains ahead of Q4 2024, but all components slipped quarter-over-quarter. The upcoming election, interest rates, and inflation were commonly cited as the primary reason for panelists’ responses.